Aviation

Aviation encompasses all the activities relating to airborne devices created by human ingenuity, generally known as aircraft. These activities include the organizations and regulatory bodies as well as the personnel related with the operation of aircraft and the industries involved in airplane manufacture, development, and design.

Jet aircraft

Jet aircraft are aircraft with jet engines. Unlike propeller-powered aircraft, jet aircraft normally fly at altitudes as high as 10,000 to 15,000 meters, about 33,000 to 49,000 feet (14,900 m). At these altitudes, jet engines can achieve maximum efficiency over long distances. The engines in propeller powered aircraft achieve their maximum efficiency at much lower altitudes.

Jet Airliner

A jet airliner is sometimes called a jetliner, and it is a passenger airplane (passenger aeroplane) that is powered by jet engines.

In contrast to today's long-distance quiet, fuel-efficient, and modern turbofan powered air travel, first generation jet airliner travel was noisy and fuel inefficient. These inefficiencies were addressed by the jetprop, also known as the turboprop.

Although the fleets of many modern airlines may include a number of smaller but just as modern turboprop and seemingly ancient propeller propelled and reciprocating piston driven types, these appearances can be deceiving. These types of gas turbine, propjet airliners are just as modern as turbofan driven aircraft, and are typically used for shorter flights to provincial towns, island communities, or airports where topography or adjoining development limits the runway length.

Among one of the first successful jetliner aircraft with traits resembling modern jetprop and propfan technology such as multi-blade contra-rotating propellers was the prop fanjetliners developed by Tupolev designated as Tu-114s. Although a long-range airliner, this Soviet Russian swept wing design can rightfully be seen as a much more technically advanced, late 1950s, predecessor of many of the modern short range regional aircraft type of gas turbine turboprop propelled airliners flying today.

Business jet

Business jet, private jet or, colloquially, bizjet is a term describing a jet aircraft, usually of smaller size, designed for transporting groups of business people. Business jets may be adapted for other roles, such as the evacuation of casualties or express parcel deliveries, and a few may be used by public bodies, governments or the armed forces. The more formal terms of corporate jet, executive jet, VIP transport or business jet tend to be used by the firms that build, sell, buy and charter these aircraft. The allied term bizprop is in use amongst enthusiasts to refer to turboprop-powered aircraft used in similar roles but seems unlikely to spread.